vllm - 💡(How to fix) Fix [Bug]: A CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug was triggered. [1 participants]

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vllm-project/vllm#40590Fetched 2026-04-23 07:24:09
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Error Message

Core Error torch.AcceleratorError: CUDA error: an illegal memory access was encountered (i.e., CUDA illegal memory access error) The error occurred during the attention metadata construction (_build_attn_metadata) phase in gpu_model_runner.py, specifically when accessing the block_table_tensor. Final Result: EngineCore crashed due to unexpected Worker process death (EngineDeadError), resulting in the API returning a 500 Internal Server Error.

Root Cause

Root cause: In the vLLM V1 engine, the combination of the gdn_attn attention backend, MTP speculative decoding, and ultra-long context (~68k) triggered a CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug.

Fix Action

Fix / Workaround

============================== CPU Info

Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Address sizes: 46 bits physical, 57 bits virtual Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 24 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-23 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Silver 4310 CPU @ 2.10GHz CPU family: 6 Model: 106 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 12 Socket(s): 1 Stepping: 6 CPU max MHz: 3300.0000 CPU min MHz: 800.0000 BogoMIPS: 4200.00 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb cat_l3 ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb intel_pt avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local split_lock_detect wbnoinvd dtherm ida arat pln pts vnmi avx512vbmi umip pku ospke avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg tme avx512_vpopcntdq la57 rdpid fsrm md_clear pconfig flush_l1d arch_capabilities Virtualization: VT-x L1d cache: 576 KiB (12 instances) L1i cache: 384 KiB (12 instances) L2 cache: 15 MiB (12 instances) L3 cache: 18 MiB (1 instance) NUMA node(s): 1 NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-23 Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Mitigation; Microcode Vulnerability Indirect target selection: Vulnerable Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Retbleed: Not affected Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Not affected Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Enhanced / Automatic IBRS; IBPB conditional; PBRSB-eIBRS SW sequence; BHI SW loop, KVM SW loop Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsa: Not affected Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected Vulnerability Vmscape: Not affected

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Your current environment

Collecting environment information...

    System Info

============================== OS : Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS (x86_64) GCC version : (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04.3) 11.4.0 Clang version : Could not collect CMake version : Could not collect Libc version : glibc-2.35

============================== PyTorch Info

PyTorch version : 2.10.0+cu129 Is debug build : False CUDA used to build PyTorch : 12.9 ROCM used to build PyTorch : N/A XPU used to build PyTorch : N/A

============================== Python Environment

Python version : 3.12.13 (main, Mar 4 2026, 09:23:07) [GCC 11.4.0] (64-bit runtime) Python platform : Linux-6.8.0-107-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.35

============================== CUDA / GPU Info

Is CUDA available : True CUDA runtime version : 12.9.86 CUDA_MODULE_LOADING set to : GPU models and configuration : GPU 0: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 GPU 1: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 GPU 2: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 GPU 3: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090

Nvidia driver version : 580.126.09 cuDNN version : Could not collect HIP runtime version : N/A MIOpen runtime version : N/A Is XNNPACK available : True

============================== CPU Info

Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Address sizes: 46 bits physical, 57 bits virtual Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 24 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-23 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Silver 4310 CPU @ 2.10GHz CPU family: 6 Model: 106 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 12 Socket(s): 1 Stepping: 6 CPU max MHz: 3300.0000 CPU min MHz: 800.0000 BogoMIPS: 4200.00 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb cat_l3 ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb intel_pt avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local split_lock_detect wbnoinvd dtherm ida arat pln pts vnmi avx512vbmi umip pku ospke avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg tme avx512_vpopcntdq la57 rdpid fsrm md_clear pconfig flush_l1d arch_capabilities Virtualization: VT-x L1d cache: 576 KiB (12 instances) L1i cache: 384 KiB (12 instances) L2 cache: 15 MiB (12 instances) L3 cache: 18 MiB (1 instance) NUMA node(s): 1 NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-23 Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Mitigation; Microcode Vulnerability Indirect target selection: Vulnerable Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Retbleed: Not affected Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Not affected Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Enhanced / Automatic IBRS; IBPB conditional; PBRSB-eIBRS SW sequence; BHI SW loop, KVM SW loop Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsa: Not affected Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected Vulnerability Vmscape: Not affected

============================== Versions of relevant libraries

[pip3] flashinfer-python==0.6.6 [pip3] numpy==2.2.6 [pip3] nvidia-cublas-cu12==12.9.1.4 [pip3] nvidia-cuda-cupti-cu12==12.9.79 [pip3] nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu12==12.9.86 [pip3] nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12==12.9.79 [pip3] nvidia-cudnn-cu12==9.10.2.21 [pip3] nvidia-cudnn-frontend==1.18.0 [pip3] nvidia-cufft-cu12==11.4.1.4 [pip3] nvidia-cufile-cu12==1.14.1.1 [pip3] nvidia-curand-cu12==10.3.10.19 [pip3] nvidia-cusolver-cu12==11.7.5.82 [pip3] nvidia-cusparse-cu12==12.5.10.65 [pip3] nvidia-cusparselt-cu12==0.7.1 [pip3] nvidia-cutlass-dsl==4.4.2 [pip3] nvidia-cutlass-dsl-libs-base==4.4.2 [pip3] nvidia-ml-py==13.595.45 [pip3] nvidia-nccl-cu12==2.27.5 [pip3] nvidia-nvjitlink-cu12==12.9.86 [pip3] nvidia-nvshmem-cu12==3.4.5 [pip3] nvidia-nvtx-cu12==12.9.79 [pip3] pyzmq==27.1.0 [pip3] torch==2.10.0+cu129 [pip3] torch_c_dlpack_ext==0.1.5 [pip3] torchaudio==2.10.0+cu129 [pip3] torchvision==0.25.0+cu129 [pip3] transformers==4.57.6 [pip3] triton==3.6.0 [conda] Could not collect

============================== vLLM Info

ROCM Version : Could not collect vLLM Version : 0.19.0 vLLM Build Flags: CUDA Archs: 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.9 9.0 10.0 12.0; ROCm: Disabled; XPU: Disabled GPU Topology: GPU0 GPU1 GPU2 GPU3 CPU Affinity NUMA Affinity GPU NUMA ID GPU0 X NODE NODE NODE 0-23 0 N/A GPU1 NODE X NODE NODE 0-23 0 N/A GPU2 NODE NODE X NODE 0-23 0 N/A GPU3 NODE NODE NODE X 0-23 0 N/A

Legend:

X = Self SYS = Connection traversing PCIe as well as the SMP interconnect between NUMA nodes (e.g., QPI/UPI) NODE = Connection traversing PCIe as well as the interconnect between PCIe Host Bridges within a NUMA node PHB = Connection traversing PCIe as well as a PCIe Host Bridge (typically the CPU) PXB = Connection traversing multiple PCIe bridges (without traversing the PCIe Host Bridge) PIX = Connection traversing at most a single PCIe bridge NV# = Connection traversing a bonded set of # NVLinks

============================== Environment Variables

NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=all NVIDIA_REQUIRE_CUDA=cuda>=12.9 brand=unknown,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=grid,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=tesla,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=nvidia,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=quadro,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=quadrortx,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=nvidiartx,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=vapps,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=vpc,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=vcs,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=vws,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=cloudgaming,driver>=535,driver<536 brand=unknown,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=grid,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=tesla,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=nvidia,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=quadro,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=quadrortx,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=nvidiartx,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=vapps,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=vpc,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=vcs,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=vws,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=cloudgaming,driver>=550,driver<551 brand=unknown,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=grid,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=tesla,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=nvidia,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=quadro,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=quadrortx,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=nvidiartx,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=vapps,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=vpc,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=vcs,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=vws,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=cloudgaming,driver>=560,driver<561 brand=unknown,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=grid,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=tesla,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=nvidia,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=quadro,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=quadrortx,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=nvidiartx,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=vapps,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=vpc,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=vcs,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=vws,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=cloudgaming,driver>=565,driver<566 brand=unknown,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=grid,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=tesla,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=nvidia,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=quadro,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=quadrortx,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=nvidiartx,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=vapps,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=vpc,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=vcs,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=vws,driver>=570,driver<571 brand=cloudgaming,driver>=570,driver<571 TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST=7.0 7.5 8.0 8.9 9.0 10.0 12.0 PYTORCH_ALLOC_CONF=expandable_segments:True NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=compute,utility VLLM_MARLIN_USE_ATOMIC_ADD=1 VLLM_USAGE_SOURCE=production-docker-image VLLM_USE_FLASHINFER_SAMPLER=1 CUDA_VERSION=12.9.1 VLLM_ENGINE_ITERATION_TIMEOUT_S=1800 VLLM_EXECUTE_MODEL_TIMEOUT_SECONDS=1800 VLLM_ENABLE_CUDA_COMPATIBILITY=0 VLLM_ENGINE_READY_TIMEOUT_S=1800 VLLM_LOG_STATS_INTERVAL=1.0 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/nvidia/lib64:/usr/local/nvidia/lib:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu VLLM_MEMORY_PROFILER_ESTIMATE_CUDAGRAPHS=1 OMP_NUM_THREADS=8 VLLM_RPC_TIMEOUT=1800000 PYTORCH_NVML_BASED_CUDA_CHECK=1 TORCHINDUCTOR_COMPILE_THREADS=1 TORCHINDUCTOR_CACHE_DIR=/tmp/torchinductor_root

🐛 Describe the bug

Core Error torch.AcceleratorError: CUDA error: an illegal memory access was encountered (i.e., CUDA illegal memory access error)

Key Context Framework Version: vLLM v0.19.0 (V1 Engine) Model Configuration: Model: Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-FP8 Quantization: FP8 Speculative Decoding: Enabled (Method: mtp, Draft Model: same as main) Tensor Parallel Size: 4 Attention Backend: gdn_attn (Grouped-Query Attention with specific backend) Triggering Scenario: Triggered when processing long-context requests (prompt_token_ids_len=68223). The error occurred during the attention metadata construction (_build_attn_metadata) phase in gpu_model_runner.py, specifically when accessing the block_table_tensor. All 4 Worker processes (Worker_TP0 ~ Worker_TP3) crashed at the same time. Final Result: EngineCore crashed due to unexpected Worker process death (EngineDeadError), resulting in the API returning a 500 Internal Server Error. Suggested Troubleshooting Directions Check the compatibility between the CUDA driver and PyTorch/CUDA versions. Try disabling Speculative Decoding or switching the Attention Backend to confirm if this is a bug specific to that combination. Check if GPU memory is sufficient, or if there are issues with GPU memory fragmentation or out-of-bounds access.

Root cause: In the vLLM V1 engine, the combination of the gdn_attn attention backend, MTP speculative decoding, and ultra-long context (~68k) triggered a CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug.

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extent analysis

TL;DR

The most likely fix is to disable Speculative Decoding or switch the Attention Backend to avoid the CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug triggered by the combination of gdn_attn attention backend, MTP speculative decoding, and ultra-long context.

Guidance

  • Check the compatibility between the CUDA driver (version 580.126.09) and PyTorch/CUDA versions (PyTorch 2.10.0+cu129, CUDA 12.9) to ensure they are compatible.
  • Try disabling Speculative Decoding to confirm if this is a bug specific to that combination.
  • Verify if GPU memory is sufficient for the model configuration, specifically for the Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-FP8 model with Tensor Parallel Size of 4 and ultra-long context (~68k).
  • Consider switching the Attention Backend from gdn_attn to another backend to see if the issue persists.

Example

No specific code snippet is provided, but the error occurs in the gpu_model_runner.py file during the attention metadata construction phase, specifically when accessing the block_table_tensor.

Notes

The issue seems to be specific to the combination of gdn_attn attention backend, MTP speculative decoding, and ultra-long context. The CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug may be caused by insufficient GPU memory or memory fragmentation.

Recommendation

Apply workaround: Disable Speculative Decoding or switch the Attention Backend to avoid the CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug. This is a safer approach until the root cause is fully understood and a permanent fix is implemented.

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vllm - 💡(How to fix) Fix [Bug]: A CUDA memory out-of-bounds bug was triggered. [1 participants]