vllm - 💡(How to fix) Fix [Bug]: SWA eviction leaves stale block table entries
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Sliding window attention (SWA) eviction can leave stale physical block ids in the worker/GPU block table for an already-running request.
The CPU-side KV cache manager replaces fully skipped out-of-window logical blocks with null_block and calls free_blocks on the old physical blocks, making them eligible for reuse once their refcount reaches zero.
However, for already-running/cached requests, the worker update path appends newly allocated block ids and does not appear to rewrite earlier logical slots to null_block.
Current kernels appear to produce correct outputs because those logical positions are outside the sliding window and are pruned/masked. But I could not find a documented contract saying that stale/out-of-window block table entries may exist and that any attention backend consuming these block tables for SWA must exclude them before they can affect output.
This is a possible robustness concern: if an attention backend gets the SWA exclusion wrong, stale entries can point to freed/reused physical KV blocks.
Root Cause
If a freed physical block is reused by another request, the stale block table entry can refer to KV data now owned by another request. Current kernels may still be correct because the stale logical positions are outside the live sliding window, but that means correctness depends on any backend consuming these block tables for SWA implementing masking/pruning exactly right.
There is a related precedent. PR #30887 fixed a Triton attention bug where V values outside the sliding window were not fully masked, allowing garbage/NaN values from out-of-window blocks to affect output. That seems like a related example of why this invariant is worth documenting or testing.
Fix Action
Fix / Workaround
============================== CPU Info
Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Address sizes: 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 256 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-255 Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD Model name: AMD EPYC 7742 64-Core Processor CPU family: 23 Model: 49 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 64 Socket(s): 2 Stepping: 0 Frequency boost: enabled CPU(s) scaling MHz: 130% CPU max MHz: 2250.0000 CPU min MHz: 1500.0000 BogoMIPS: 4491.80 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 cqm rdt_a rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local clzero irperf xsaveerptr rdpru wbnoinvd arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif v_spec_ctrl umip rdpid overflow_recov succor smca sme sev sev_es Virtualization: AMD-V L1d cache: 4 MiB (128 instances) L1i cache: 4 MiB (128 instances) L2 cache: 64 MiB (128 instances) L3 cache: 512 MiB (32 instances) NUMA node(s): 8 NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-15,128-143 NUMA node1 CPU(s): 16-31,144-159 NUMA node2 CPU(s): 32-47,160-175 NUMA node3 CPU(s): 48-63,176-191 NUMA node4 CPU(s): 64-79,192-207 NUMA node5 CPU(s): 80-95,208-223 NUMA node6 CPU(s): 96-111,224-239 NUMA node7 CPU(s): 112-127,240-255 Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; untrained return thunk; SMT enabled with STIBP protection Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Mitigation; safe RET Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Retpolines; IBPB conditional; STIBP always-on; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI Not affected Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
Suggested fixes / mitigations
Code Example
Collecting environment information...
uv is set
==============================
System Info
==============================
OS : Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (x86_64)
GCC version : (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04.1) 13.3.0
Clang version : Could not collect
CMake version : version 4.3.2
Libc version : glibc-2.39
==============================
PyTorch Info
==============================
PyTorch version : 2.10.0+cu129
Is debug build : False
CUDA used to build PyTorch : 12.9
ROCM used to build PyTorch : N/A
==============================
Python Environment
==============================
Python version : 3.12.3 (main, Mar 23 2026, 19:04:32) [GCC 13.3.0] (64-bit runtime)
Python platform : Linux-5.15.0-1070-nvidia-x86_64-with-glibc2.39
==============================
CUDA / GPU Info
==============================
Is CUDA available : True
CUDA runtime version : Could not collect
CUDA_MODULE_LOADING set to :
GPU models and configuration :
GPU 0: NVIDIA A100-SXM4-40GB
MIG 3g.20gb Device 0:
Nvidia driver version : 550.127.08
cuDNN version : Could not collect
HIP runtime version : N/A
MIOpen runtime version : N/A
Is XNNPACK available : True
==============================
CPU Info
==============================
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Address sizes: 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 256
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-255
Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD
Model name: AMD EPYC 7742 64-Core Processor
CPU family: 23
Model: 49
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 64
Socket(s): 2
Stepping: 0
Frequency boost: enabled
CPU(s) scaling MHz: 130%
CPU max MHz: 2250.0000
CPU min MHz: 1500.0000
BogoMIPS: 4491.80
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 cqm rdt_a rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local clzero irperf xsaveerptr rdpru wbnoinvd arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif v_spec_ctrl umip rdpid overflow_recov succor smca sme sev sev_es
Virtualization: AMD-V
L1d cache: 4 MiB (128 instances)
L1i cache: 4 MiB (128 instances)
L2 cache: 64 MiB (128 instances)
L3 cache: 512 MiB (32 instances)
NUMA node(s): 8
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-15,128-143
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 16-31,144-159
NUMA node2 CPU(s): 32-47,160-175
NUMA node3 CPU(s): 48-63,176-191
NUMA node4 CPU(s): 64-79,192-207
NUMA node5 CPU(s): 80-95,208-223
NUMA node6 CPU(s): 96-111,224-239
NUMA node7 CPU(s): 112-127,240-255
Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected
Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected
Vulnerability Mds: Not affected
Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected
Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected
Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; untrained return thunk; SMT enabled with STIBP protection
Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Mitigation; safe RET
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Retpolines; IBPB conditional; STIBP always-on; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI Not affected
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
==============================
Versions of relevant libraries
==============================
[pip3] flashinfer-python==0.6.6
[pip3] mypy-extensions==1.1.0
[pip3] numpy==2.2.6
[pip3] nvidia-cublas-cu12==12.9.1.4
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-cupti-cu12==12.9.79
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-nvcc-cu12==12.9.86
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu12==12.9.86
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12==12.9.79
[pip3] nvidia-cudnn-cu12==9.10.2.21
[pip3] nvidia-cudnn-frontend==1.18.0
[pip3] nvidia-cufft-cu12==11.4.1.4
[pip3] nvidia-cufile-cu12==1.14.1.1
[pip3] nvidia-curand-cu12==10.3.10.19
[pip3] nvidia-cusolver-cu12==11.7.5.82
[pip3] nvidia-cusparse-cu12==12.5.10.65
[pip3] nvidia-cusparselt-cu12==0.7.1
[pip3] nvidia-cutlass-dsl==4.4.2
[pip3] nvidia-cutlass-dsl-libs-base==4.4.2
[pip3] nvidia-ml-py==13.595.45
[pip3] nvidia-nccl-cu12==2.27.5
[pip3] nvidia-nvjitlink-cu12==12.9.86
[pip3] nvidia-nvshmem-cu12==3.4.5
[pip3] nvidia-nvtx-cu12==12.9.79
[pip3] open-clip-torch==2.32.0
[pip3] pytorch-lightning==2.6.1
[pip3] pyzmq==27.1.0
[pip3] segmentation-models-pytorch==0.5.0
[pip3] sentence-transformers==5.4.1
[pip3] terratorch==1.2.7
[pip3] torch==2.10.0+cu129
[pip3] torch-c-dlpack-ext==0.1.5
[pip3] torchaudio==2.10.0+cu129
[pip3] torchgeo==0.9.0
[pip3] torchmetrics==1.9.0
[pip3] torchvision==0.25.0+cu129
[pip3] transformers==5.5.3
[pip3] transformers-stream-generator==0.0.5
[pip3] triton==3.6.0
[pip3] tritonclient==2.68.0
[pip3] vector-quantize-pytorch==1.28.2
[conda] Could not collect
==============================
vLLM Info
==============================
ROCM Version : Could not collect
vLLM Version : 0.19.2.dev17+gddd036cbd (git sha: ddd036cbd)
vLLM Build Flags:
CUDA Archs: Not Set; ROCm: Disabled
GPU Topology:
[4mGPU0 NIC0 NIC1 NIC2 NIC3 NIC4 NIC5 NIC6 NIC7 NIC8 NIC9 CPU Affinity NUMA Affinity GPU NUMA ID[0m
GPU0 X SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PXB PXB SYS SYS 80-95,208-223 5 N/A
NIC0 SYS X PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC1 SYS PXB X SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC2 SYS SYS SYS X PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC3 SYS SYS SYS PXB X SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC4 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS X PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC5 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PXB X SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC6 PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS X PXB SYS SYS
NIC7 PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PXB X SYS SYS
NIC8 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS X PIX
NIC9 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PIX X
Legend:
X = Self
SYS = Connection traversing PCIe as well as the SMP interconnect between NUMA nodes (e.g., QPI/UPI)
NODE = Connection traversing PCIe as well as the interconnect between PCIe Host Bridges within a NUMA node
PHB = Connection traversing PCIe as well as a PCIe Host Bridge (typically the CPU)
PXB = Connection traversing multiple PCIe bridges (without traversing the PCIe Host Bridge)
PIX = Connection traversing at most a single PCIe bridge
NV# = Connection traversing a bonded set of # NVLinks
NIC Legend:
NIC0: mlx5_0
NIC1: mlx5_1
NIC2: mlx5_2
NIC3: mlx5_3
NIC4: mlx5_4
NIC5: mlx5_5
NIC6: mlx5_6
NIC7: mlx5_7
NIC8: mlx5_8
NIC9: mlx5_9
==============================
Environment Variables
==============================
NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=/var/run/nvidia-container-devices
PYTORCH_NVML_BASED_CUDA_CHECK=1
TORCHINDUCTOR_COMPILE_THREADS=1
TORCHINDUCTOR_CACHE_DIR=/tmp/torchinductor_root
---
removed_blocks.append(blocks[i])
blocks[i] = self._null_block
...
self.block_pool.free_blocks(removed_blocks)
---
def append_row(self, block_ids: list[int], row_idx: int) -> None:
start = self.num_blocks_per_row[row_idx]
self.num_blocks_per_row[row_idx] += len(block_ids)
self.block_table.np[row_idx, start : start + len(block_ids)] = block_idsRAW_BUFFERClick to expand / collapse
Your current environment
<details> <summary>The output of <code>python collect_env.py</code></summary>Collecting environment information...
uv is set
==============================
System Info
==============================
OS : Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (x86_64)
GCC version : (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04.1) 13.3.0
Clang version : Could not collect
CMake version : version 4.3.2
Libc version : glibc-2.39
==============================
PyTorch Info
==============================
PyTorch version : 2.10.0+cu129
Is debug build : False
CUDA used to build PyTorch : 12.9
ROCM used to build PyTorch : N/A
==============================
Python Environment
==============================
Python version : 3.12.3 (main, Mar 23 2026, 19:04:32) [GCC 13.3.0] (64-bit runtime)
Python platform : Linux-5.15.0-1070-nvidia-x86_64-with-glibc2.39
==============================
CUDA / GPU Info
==============================
Is CUDA available : True
CUDA runtime version : Could not collect
CUDA_MODULE_LOADING set to :
GPU models and configuration :
GPU 0: NVIDIA A100-SXM4-40GB
MIG 3g.20gb Device 0:
Nvidia driver version : 550.127.08
cuDNN version : Could not collect
HIP runtime version : N/A
MIOpen runtime version : N/A
Is XNNPACK available : True
==============================
CPU Info
==============================
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Address sizes: 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 256
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-255
Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD
Model name: AMD EPYC 7742 64-Core Processor
CPU family: 23
Model: 49
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 64
Socket(s): 2
Stepping: 0
Frequency boost: enabled
CPU(s) scaling MHz: 130%
CPU max MHz: 2250.0000
CPU min MHz: 1500.0000
BogoMIPS: 4491.80
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 cqm rdt_a rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local clzero irperf xsaveerptr rdpru wbnoinvd arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif v_spec_ctrl umip rdpid overflow_recov succor smca sme sev sev_es
Virtualization: AMD-V
L1d cache: 4 MiB (128 instances)
L1i cache: 4 MiB (128 instances)
L2 cache: 64 MiB (128 instances)
L3 cache: 512 MiB (32 instances)
NUMA node(s): 8
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-15,128-143
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 16-31,144-159
NUMA node2 CPU(s): 32-47,160-175
NUMA node3 CPU(s): 48-63,176-191
NUMA node4 CPU(s): 64-79,192-207
NUMA node5 CPU(s): 80-95,208-223
NUMA node6 CPU(s): 96-111,224-239
NUMA node7 CPU(s): 112-127,240-255
Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected
Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected
Vulnerability Mds: Not affected
Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected
Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected
Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; untrained return thunk; SMT enabled with STIBP protection
Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Mitigation; safe RET
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Retpolines; IBPB conditional; STIBP always-on; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI Not affected
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
==============================
Versions of relevant libraries
==============================
[pip3] flashinfer-python==0.6.6
[pip3] mypy-extensions==1.1.0
[pip3] numpy==2.2.6
[pip3] nvidia-cublas-cu12==12.9.1.4
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-cupti-cu12==12.9.79
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-nvcc-cu12==12.9.86
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu12==12.9.86
[pip3] nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12==12.9.79
[pip3] nvidia-cudnn-cu12==9.10.2.21
[pip3] nvidia-cudnn-frontend==1.18.0
[pip3] nvidia-cufft-cu12==11.4.1.4
[pip3] nvidia-cufile-cu12==1.14.1.1
[pip3] nvidia-curand-cu12==10.3.10.19
[pip3] nvidia-cusolver-cu12==11.7.5.82
[pip3] nvidia-cusparse-cu12==12.5.10.65
[pip3] nvidia-cusparselt-cu12==0.7.1
[pip3] nvidia-cutlass-dsl==4.4.2
[pip3] nvidia-cutlass-dsl-libs-base==4.4.2
[pip3] nvidia-ml-py==13.595.45
[pip3] nvidia-nccl-cu12==2.27.5
[pip3] nvidia-nvjitlink-cu12==12.9.86
[pip3] nvidia-nvshmem-cu12==3.4.5
[pip3] nvidia-nvtx-cu12==12.9.79
[pip3] open-clip-torch==2.32.0
[pip3] pytorch-lightning==2.6.1
[pip3] pyzmq==27.1.0
[pip3] segmentation-models-pytorch==0.5.0
[pip3] sentence-transformers==5.4.1
[pip3] terratorch==1.2.7
[pip3] torch==2.10.0+cu129
[pip3] torch-c-dlpack-ext==0.1.5
[pip3] torchaudio==2.10.0+cu129
[pip3] torchgeo==0.9.0
[pip3] torchmetrics==1.9.0
[pip3] torchvision==0.25.0+cu129
[pip3] transformers==5.5.3
[pip3] transformers-stream-generator==0.0.5
[pip3] triton==3.6.0
[pip3] tritonclient==2.68.0
[pip3] vector-quantize-pytorch==1.28.2
[conda] Could not collect
==============================
vLLM Info
==============================
ROCM Version : Could not collect
vLLM Version : 0.19.2.dev17+gddd036cbd (git sha: ddd036cbd)
vLLM Build Flags:
CUDA Archs: Not Set; ROCm: Disabled
GPU Topology:
[4mGPU0 NIC0 NIC1 NIC2 NIC3 NIC4 NIC5 NIC6 NIC7 NIC8 NIC9 CPU Affinity NUMA Affinity GPU NUMA ID[0m
GPU0 X SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PXB PXB SYS SYS 80-95,208-223 5 N/A
NIC0 SYS X PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC1 SYS PXB X SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC2 SYS SYS SYS X PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC3 SYS SYS SYS PXB X SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC4 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS X PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC5 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PXB X SYS SYS SYS SYS
NIC6 PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS X PXB SYS SYS
NIC7 PXB SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PXB X SYS SYS
NIC8 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS X PIX
NIC9 SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS SYS PIX X
Legend:
X = Self
SYS = Connection traversing PCIe as well as the SMP interconnect between NUMA nodes (e.g., QPI/UPI)
NODE = Connection traversing PCIe as well as the interconnect between PCIe Host Bridges within a NUMA node
PHB = Connection traversing PCIe as well as a PCIe Host Bridge (typically the CPU)
PXB = Connection traversing multiple PCIe bridges (without traversing the PCIe Host Bridge)
PIX = Connection traversing at most a single PCIe bridge
NV# = Connection traversing a bonded set of # NVLinks
NIC Legend:
NIC0: mlx5_0
NIC1: mlx5_1
NIC2: mlx5_2
NIC3: mlx5_3
NIC4: mlx5_4
NIC5: mlx5_5
NIC6: mlx5_6
NIC7: mlx5_7
NIC8: mlx5_8
NIC9: mlx5_9
==============================
Environment Variables
==============================
NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=/var/run/nvidia-container-devices
PYTORCH_NVML_BASED_CUDA_CHECK=1
TORCHINDUCTOR_COMPILE_THREADS=1
TORCHINDUCTOR_CACHE_DIR=/tmp/torchinductor_rootAdditional context:
- Affected area: V1 KV cache manager / worker block table / sliding-window attention
- Example model: Phi-3-mini-4k-instruct (sliding_window=2047)
- Example workload: chunked prefill with a prompt long enough to cross a SWA eviction boundary
🐛 Describe the bug
Summary
Sliding window attention (SWA) eviction can leave stale physical block ids in the worker/GPU block table for an already-running request.
The CPU-side KV cache manager replaces fully skipped out-of-window logical blocks with null_block and calls free_blocks on the old physical blocks, making them eligible for reuse once their refcount reaches zero.
However, for already-running/cached requests, the worker update path appends newly allocated block ids and does not appear to rewrite earlier logical slots to null_block.
Current kernels appear to produce correct outputs because those logical positions are outside the sliding window and are pruned/masked. But I could not find a documented contract saying that stale/out-of-window block table entries may exist and that any attention backend consuming these block tables for SWA must exclude them before they can affect output.
This is a possible robustness concern: if an attention backend gets the SWA exclusion wrong, stale entries can point to freed/reused physical KV blocks.
Question for maintainers
It is possible that this is already a known and intentional invariant rather than a bug, i.e., SWA block tables are allowed to retain stale entries for evicted logical positions, and attention backends are explicitly expected to make those positions unreachable via masking/pruning.
If that is the intended design, could you point me to the relevant documentation or comments? I could not find a place where this host/backend contract is stated explicitly.
Actual behavior
In SingleTypeKVCacheManager.remove_skipped_blocks, SWA eviction mutates the manager-side request block list and frees the removed physical blocks:
removed_blocks.append(blocks[i])
blocks[i] = self._null_block
...
self.block_pool.free_blocks(removed_blocks)So after eviction, the CPU manager's req_to_blocks[request_id] has null_block for old logical slots, and the removed physical blocks may later be reused if their refcount reaches zero.
For already-running requests that remain in the persistent batch, the scheduler/worker path appears to send only newly allocated block ids. The worker-side block table then appends them:
def append_row(self, block_ids: list[int], row_idx: int) -> None:
start = self.num_blocks_per_row[row_idx]
self.num_blocks_per_row[row_idx] += len(block_ids)
self.block_table.np[row_idx, start : start + len(block_ids)] = block_idsI did not find a corresponding per-slot update path (e.g., replace_slot_with_null(row_idx, slot_idx)) for SWA eviction.
commit_block_table() then copies the worker-side table to GPU, so stale entries can persist in the table consumed by attention backends.
The newer vllm/v1/worker/gpu/block_table.py path appears to have the same shape:
cached requests call append_block_ids(..., overwrite=False), which stages writes starting from the previous row length.
Expected behavior
One of the following should hold:
- The worker/GPU block table is kept semantically consistent with the CPU manager after SWA eviction, e.g. evicted logical slots are rewritten to
null_block; or - The looser invariant is explicitly documented and tested: for SWA, block tables may contain stale physical block ids for evicted logical positions, and all attention backends would need to ensure those positions cannot affect output.
Why this matters
If a freed physical block is reused by another request, the stale block table entry can refer to KV data now owned by another request. Current kernels may still be correct because the stale logical positions are outside the live sliding window, but that means correctness depends on any backend consuming these block tables for SWA implementing masking/pruning exactly right.
There is a related precedent. PR #30887 fixed a Triton attention bug where V values outside the sliding window were not fully masked, allowing garbage/NaN values from out-of-window blocks to affect output. That seems like a related example of why this invariant is worth documenting or testing.
Suggested fixes / mitigations
Possible options:
- Document the contract near
remove_skipped_blocks, workerBlockTable.append_row/append_block_ids, and attention backend's block table handling. - Add regression tests that poison or reuse out-of-window physical blocks and verify SWA outputs are unchanged across supported backends.
- Harden the host path by queuing
null_blockslot updates duringremove_skipped_blocksand applying them to the worker/GPU block table before the next attention launch.
Notes
I am not claiming that current Phi-3/SWA outputs are wrong. In my testing, outputs remained correct, which is consistent with current kernels which mask/prune these positions correctly.
This report is about the stale block table state and the implicit contract I could not find documented.
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Expected behavior
One of the following should hold:
- The worker/GPU block table is kept semantically consistent with the CPU manager after SWA eviction, e.g. evicted logical slots are rewritten to
null_block; or - The looser invariant is explicitly documented and tested: for SWA, block tables may contain stale physical block ids for evicted logical positions, and all attention backends would need to ensure those positions cannot affect output.
Still need to ship something?
×6Another batch ranked right after the header list — different links, same matching logic.
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- [BUG] Claude Code create c:/memfs directory without asking me.
- [BUG] Claude Code's Bash execution waits forever with no processes running
- [BUG] usage stays stuck waiting for 5 hr limit after upgrading to premium seat in team plan
- [Workflow tool] resume cache is unreachable for nontrivial workflows because LLM dispatchers can't transcribe args byte-exactly
- Code review (Preview): "Add a repository" shows no results for private GitHub org repos
- [BUG] /context commands blows up context
- [Feature Request] Add precache expiry hook to enable proactive compaction before token eviction
- [BUG] Context indicator shows 0% at session start despite ~20K+ tokens already loaded
- [Feature Request] Add semantic search for --resume session history
- [Feature Request] Add session search, tagging, and filtering capabilities
- [BUG] Cowork Dispatch reports "desktop not available" on Windows 11 while standard Cowork works normally
- [Bug] Claude Code provides incorrect suggestions with high confidence despite errors
- defaultMode: acceptEdits silently overrides per-path permissions.ask rules for Write/Edit
- [FEATUR configurable tip interval (e.g. tipIntervalSeconds: 30 in settings)E]
- Plugin marketplace fails to load: schema rejects 'displayName' key (v2.1.153)
- claude agents: in-session copy uses broken OSC 52 path while overview correctly uses tmux buffer
- [BUG] Plugin agent descriptions (and custom agents) load unconditionally into context — no parity with disable-model-invocation for skills
- Crashed ultrareview consumed a free credit despite producing zero findings
- [Bug] Character rendering issue - invisible or missing text display
- [BUG] Cowork: processo Claude Code encerra com código 3 — .claude.json não contém token de autenticação (Windows 11 25H2)
- [BUG] 2.1.153 silently discards tools/list response from rmcp 0.12.0 HTTP MCP server (works in 2.1.152, wire-identical handshake)
- VS Code extension: option to auto-resume last session when reopening a workspace folder
- [Bug] Conversation continuation failure
- [BUG] Cowork crashes every time I start a new chat or attempt to continue an existing one in any project. The error displayed is: "Claude Code è andato in crash
- [Bug] Unannounced quota changes
- Native update/install fails with 'socket connection was closed unexpectedly' behind proxy — undici TLS incompatibility
- [BUG] Session name reverting after manual change
- [BUG] 非正常思考，上下文过长时，一直显示思考，点击interrupt按钮失效
- Honor `tools:` frontmatter when an agent is invoked via `@mention` — strip `Task` only when the agent did not declare it
- macOS TCC popup still recurring on v2.1.153 — "2.1.153" would like to access data from other apps
- Claude Code leaks pty handles — exhausts pseudo-terminals on macOS after long session
- [Bug] Agent fails to execute or respond to user input
- [BUG] Persistent "Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0)" JSON parse error after tool execution
- [Feature Request] Implement proactive unit test coverage recommendations for recurring bugs
- VS Code panel lacks status line + terminal lacks image paste in Codespaces, forcing a tradeoff
- `/powerup` only shows ~10 lessons — allow viewing the full catalog
- [Bug] Context contamination after auto-compact with unrelated email draft of Tejo/Sado Basin
- [Bug] VSCode terminal output displays corrupted text with garbled symbols
- [Feature Request] Add LaTeX/KaTeX math rendering to TUI
- [Bug] Sub-agent PR review results not validated by orchestrating agent
- Subagents on Pro 1M tier: trivial probes pass, real workloads fail at first tool call (probe-vs-workload divergence)
- Path-scoped rules and subdirectory CLAUDE.md not loaded when creating new files matching the pattern
- AskUserQuestion: cancelling during extended thinking poisons the whole session with 400 'thinking blocks cannot be modified' (2.1.153); concurrent prompts overwrite each other
- Ideas Missing from Claude Cowork Menu (Windows)
- [BUG_BOUNTY_SAFE_POC_2026] Prompt Injection RCE Test - Command Execution Proof
- [BUG] Cowork scheduled task: execution history row not showing after successful run
- Resuming an extended-thinking session fails permanently with 400 "thinking blocks cannot be modified" (transcript stores thinking text as empty but keeps signature)
- [Bug] Plugin-registered CwdChanged and FileChanged hooks don't fire (settings.json works) — v2.1.153
- Auto-archive on PR merge / branch delete — clarify autoArchiveSessions semantics or add dedicated opt-out
- `claude mcp add` echoes Authorization header value verbatim to stdout, leaks bearer tokens to terminal and session transcripts
- [BUG] Bug report — /insights skill, Claude Code The /insights skill outputs a malformed file path.
- Plugin slash commands render with '*'-inline format instead of two-column, despite matching official plugin shape
- [Bug] Unexpected long text generation without user input or goal
- [Bug] Thinking blocks causing task progression blocked without user modification
- [BUG] (Critical!) contamination by an unknown session simirlar to the report => [Bug] Context contamination after auto-compact with unrelated email draft of Tejo/Sado Basin #63137
- [Critical] Opus 4.7 Korean output degeneration — Korean grammar itself collapses in long contexts
- [BUG] Title: Autocompact buffer persists across /clear — wastes tokens for irrelevant old context
- [Bug] Auto-Compact loses user input before processing in conversation history
- Feature: per-invocation effort parameter + runtime session-config introspection for skills
- Auto-mode classifier mislabels Azure DevOps vote -5 as "Reject" when denying PR vote actions
- [BUG] Claude Desktop and Claude Code CLI never re-register MCP tools after OAuth 2.1 handshake on a remote HTTP server
- [BUG] Workspace file tags leak across sessions
- [BUG] Ink renderer crashes on Windows 11 build 26200 (Canary) duplicate banners, terminal mode leaks, mid-operation aborts
- [BUG] Claude Code Desktop issue
- PTY master fd leak in Claude desktop app exhausts macOS kern.tty.ptmx_max after ~2-3 days
- [BUG] Claude Code — Session Management after Unexpected Interruption
- [Windows] Cowork OpenTelemetry exporter does not initialize - zero events emitted to any destination, including loopback
- [Bug] Opus 4.7: 400 `thinking blocks ... cannot be modified` on long extended-thinking sessions, triggered by history-altering events (scheduled prompts / parallel tool-call cancellation)
- [BUG] API Error: Server is temporarily limiting requests (not your usage limit) · Rate limited
- Multi-plugin custom marketplace: only first plugin registered in installed_plugins.json, skills don't load
- [BUG] Git push through the SDK's git proxy fan-outs into ~500 GitHub REST API calls, exhausting the 5,000/hour budget after a handful of pushes
- [BUG] Claude took liberties it really shouldn't with my global config
- [BUG] Agent window focus lost after navigating with arrow keys, causing scroll deadlock
- [BUG] `--model` flag silently ignored in interactive sessions (works in `--print` only)
- [BUG] Dispatch permanently shows "desktop appears offline" on Windows 11 - never worked on first use
- feat: support per-command enableWeakerNetworkIsolation as safer alternative to dangerouslyDisableSandbox
- /code-review outputs a raw JSON array instead of readable findings
- [BUG] Cowork — Additional allowed domains ignored on Team plan; same domain works on Pro plan
- Haiku
- [Bug] False positive blocking beneficial outcomes in tool execution
- 3P Bedrock SSO: credentials silently expire without triggering re-auth on day 2+
- CLAUDE_AUTOCOMPACT_PCT_OVERRIDE in settings.json env block silently ignored by autocompact logic
- Auto-compaction deletes main session JSONL before verifying summary completion, causing data loss
- [Bug] Claude Code not executing stated actions or producing expected results
- [FEATURE] Deferred Messages — Queue Input for End of Turn
- [BUG] Up/Down arrows in input box navigate history instead of moving cursor — regression in 2.1.149+
- Cancelling a parallel tool-call batch corrupts thinking blocks -> 400 "thinking blocks cannot be modified" permanently wedges the session
- Claude Code caused data loss, then contradicted itself about recovery (two incidents, one session)
- [Bug] Unclear error messages from Claude Code CLI
- [Bug] Agent tool rejecting due to context size limit exceeded
- claude agents: daemon and bg-spare processes spin at ~100% CPU when idle
- [BUG] Compaction fails with "context window limit" error even when context usage is low (e.g., 20%) — regression in v2.1.153
- Remote Control entitlement lost after May 27-28 incident — `Error: Remote Control is not yet enabled for your account` on active Max subscription
- PreToolUse hook exit code 2 does not block Write tool
- [Bug] Thinking blocks in latest assistant message are immutable
- GUI: dispatch file:// and custom-scheme clicks to OS shell handler
- Show current model in statusLine by default
- [Bug] Agent console becomes unresponsive to keyboard input after multiple agents initialized
- [FEATURE] PreToolUse hooks should have a way of updating the environment
- [Bug] Unable to start or use Claude Code CLI
- [BUG] Repository not visible in Claude Code web repo picker
- Session permanently wedged on 400 "thinking blocks cannot be modified" after parallel tool_results
- [Bug] @ autocomplete loses sibling repos after a file edit in multi-repo workspace
- Unclear error message when creating sub-agent without authentication
- [Bug] Anthropic API errors causing frequent failures and high token usage
- [BUG] @ mention file picker only shows packages, not individual files (desktop app - Code tab)
- [Bug] TUI panel footer remains sticky and consumes excessive terminal space
- PR-status polling exhausts GitHub GraphQL rate limit on repos with many open PRs
- [BUG] Windows: welcome panel not shown in some project folders (2.1.153)
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: thinking blocks corrupted during context compaction with extended thinking enabled
- API 400 "thinking blocks cannot be modified" permanently bricks session during agent activation (interleaved thinking + tool use)
- Right-click Copy copies the whole message instead of the selection; pasted text retains dark background
- Mid-session model switch corrupts conversation when extended thinking is enabled (API 400: 'thinking blocks cannot be modified')
- [BUG] Markdown file links in chat output do not open files when clicked (VS Code extension)
- Stuck retry loop: `400 thinking blocks cannot be modified` on large interleaved-thinking turns using AskUserQuestion
- [FEATURE] Prompt user for approval before auto-compaction proceeds
- Custom MCP connectors not attachable to scheduled routines — no UUID discovery path
- [BUG] Claude in Chrome — Navigation blocked for teams.cloud.microsoft and outlook.cloud.microsoft after Microsoft domain migration**
- [BUG] Claude Desktop — Personal plugins panel renders list but is entirely non-interactive (macOS, v1.9255.2)
- [Bug] error when using Workflows
- [BUG] Persistent "update available" notification despite being on latest version
- [BUG] Sweep Agent from /code-review never completes
- [Bug] Tool calls not executing or returning results
- [FEATURE] Cloud-synced memory and settings across machines
- [Bug] Terminal UI freezes when Ctrl+O view exits during interactive prompt in plan mode
- Continuous api errors when using claude code with Opus 4.7 with thinking on low
- [Feature Request] Add support for installing and using previous Claude Code versions
- [Bug] Extended Thinking: Summarized thinking blocks fail signature validation when resent to API
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: 'thinking' blocks cannot be modified
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: Thinking blocks cannot be modified with extended thinking mode
- Feature request: Lazy/on-demand MCP server connections
- [Bug] Tool Arguments Parsed as String Instead of Object
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: Insufficient context provided
- [Bug] Claude Opus occasionally uses moskovian(russian) orthography instead of Ukrainian in system-prompted responses
- Opus 4.8: backgrounded task completions (subagents AND Bash) crash with 400 "thinking blocks cannot be modified"
- [Bug] Opus 4.7 fabricates stable preferences ("my default") to rationalize arbitrary choices when challenged
- [Bug] Unable to update Claude Code CLI
- [BUG] Desktop app: /remote-control mints link + connects bridge (main.log) but in-chat link/QR panel never renders
- Feature: sessionColor and sessionName in .claude/settings.json
- [BUG] Anthropic API error: thinking blocks
- [FEATURE] Support Remote MCPs in Cowork as in Claude Code
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: 400 Bad Request with Redacted Thinking - 0 4.7 & 4.8
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: Cannot modify thinking blocks from different model versions
- Interleaved thinking + multi-tool turn corrupts thinking block (text blanked, signature kept) → permanent 400 'blocks must remain as they were'
- [BUG] Mode/permission changes mid-tool-loop (effortLevel: xhigh) poisons entire session
- Session failure log: Opus 4.6 ignores its own rules for an entire session
- [BUG] "400 Guardrail was enabled" error when using Claude Opus 4.8 with AWS Bedrock
- [Feature Request] Add subagent approach selection option to avoid accidental feedback
- Persistent 400 'thinking blocks in the latest assistant message cannot be modified' — interleaved thinking persisted with empty text + signature bricks sessions
- [BUG] DesktopvsApp
- [BUG] Opus 4.7 cache hit rate collapse after May 27 incident — Messages 1.1k→88.9k in 9 minutes, $630/session
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: Invalid thinking block format
- [BUG] FUCK CLAUDE
- Opus 4.8 extended thinking: Stop hook block re-entry corrupts thinking blocks → 400
- [Bug] 4.8 Fails when accessing previous model history
- [Bug] Unintended File Modifications During Execution
- [DOCS] Model configuration docs omit lean system prompt default scope and model exceptions
- Add "Always allow globally" option to permission prompts
- Server-side model upgrade (Opus 4.7→4.8) wedges in-flight sessions with `thinking blocks cannot be modified` 400
- [DOCS] AskUserQuestion docs missing multiple-choice prompt decision threshold
- [DOCS] Agent view docs omit shell-command background session launch syntax
- [DOCS] Agent view dispatch input docs incorrectly imply `/logout` dispatches as a prompt
- [DOCS] Claude in Chrome docs omit connected-browser selection behavior
- [DOCS] Plugin docs omit `defaultEnabled: false` for opt-in plugins
- Feature Request: Customizable chat text colors for user and assistant messages
- [DOCS] `/plugin` Discover tab docs omit directory-based suggested plugin pins
- VSCode Chrome integration silently fails: 3 distinct bugs
- [DOCS] MCP stdio docs omit session environment variables
- [Bug] Anthropic API error on second request within session with Claude Opus 4.8
- Cowork emits a blank session "index" handoff on focus when a CLI session is paused awaiting input
- [DOCS] MCP docs omit `claude mcp list/get` pending-approval output for unapproved project servers
- [BUG] /compact fails with 400 error when last assistant turn contains thinking blocks
- [DOCS] `/claude-api` docs omit Opus 4.8 migration guidance
- [DOCS] Fast mode docs still recommend deprecated Opus 4.6 override variable
- [DOCS] Bash tool docs omit `$TMPDIR` consistency across sandboxed and unsandboxed commands
- [Bug] Anthropic API Error: 400 Bad Request on Extended Thinking
- [DOCS] Background session docs omit worktree-isolation behavior for spawned subagents
- Built-in mechanistic self-verification of verifiable claims (symmetric to the auto permission gate)
- [DOCS] Worktree docs do not clarify `worktree.baseRef: "head"` inside linked worktrees
- [BUG] Excessive RAM usage with multiple parallel chats (~10 sessions → 30 GB memory pressure, macOS OOM)
- [DOCS] Managed MCP policy docs omit invalid `allowedMcpServers`/`deniedMcpServers` entry behavior
- [DOCS] Effort docs omit `CLAUDE_CODE_ALWAYS_ENABLE_EFFORT` unsupported-model behavior
- Regression (2.1.147–2.1.150?): resuming an extended-thinking session after a CC update/model-switch → unrecoverable 400, session bricked
- [DOCS] Windows updater docs omit `claude.exe` in-use recovery guidance
- [DOCS] VS Code auto mode docs still tie mode-picker visibility to bypass-permissions setting
- [DOCS] MCP docs omit `/mcp` tool list and detail rendering behavior
- [DOCS] Fine-grained tool streaming docs still describe provider opt-in behavior
- bypassPermissions: session startup reads flat pref, GUI toggle writes per-account pref — they never sync
- [BUG] Claude Desktop Code tab causes disk write limit violation — 8.5GB in 11 min, macOS kills app (M5, v1.9659.1)
- Ultrareview v2.1.96: docs describe /tasks command + claude ultrareview --json subcommand that don't exist; findings hard to read after completion
- I'd be happy to help create a GitHub issue title, but I don't see the error message in your message. Could you please share the specific error you're encountering? That way I can generate an accurate and descriptive issue title for you.
- [BUG] Claude in Chrome `file_upload` rejects all scheduled-task sessions with misleading error (real cause: INVALID_SESSION)
- Extended thinking: signed thinking block 'cannot be modified' (400) permanently wedges session
- RTL text support for Hebrew (and Arabic) in Claude Code
- [Bug] Random errors occurring across multiple operations